E-Government; E-Procurement

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E-Government

Definition

E-Government is one of the most discussed topics in recent time, but nearly nobody knows what this word really means. One of the many definitions is that

“ E-Government is the transaction of administrative measures over an electronic infrastructure”.




Electronic Government is the communications between administrative bodies (offices, government etc.) and people. This communication takes place via internet. For that reason it is possible to access information and data for 4 hours a day, 7 days per week. The main aim of E-Governement is to make processes easier and faster.

History

The development of E-Government consists of three steps.

1. Generation

“We about us - Homepage” In this type of web sites information about the organisation is given. For example names, pictures, telephone numbers, adresses, upcoming events and so on. The web site is only useful for people seeking for information.

. Generation

“Download � Homepage” Additional to the content of first generation E-Government sites, additional information can be found here. In second generation sites there are some interactive parts. Downloads of documents are possible now. For example newsletters, all types of useful forms in alphabetical order, internet adresses and so on.

. Generation

“Customer-Oriented Homepages” The main goal of this generation is to solve problems for the customer. E-Voting or wage tax reconciliation are only two of the many examples, which can be done via E-Government.



elements of E-Government

One of the many goals of E-Government is the inernal and external increase in efficiency. The offered products should be useful for maybe customers. E-Government consists of three different types

Electronic Democracy and Participation (eDP) Democratic co-operation and elections should be possible over the internet.

Example E-Voting. Interesting aspects concerning E-Voting are the possibility of making elections more interesting. Maybe the election turnout will increase again by E-Voting. Problems are how to deal with anonymity or sercurity issues.

Electronic Production Networks (ePN) ePn deals with the co-operation of public and private institutions via electronic media. There is a huge potential in the development of such production to fulfill public services. The main advantage of production networks is, that they are independent of geographic restrictions. Different organisations in differents locations can work together on the same product.

Example vehicle registration

Electronic Public Services (ePS) ePS means the delivery of public services to private persons or enterprises via local or national portals. Nearly every service is possible.

Example wage tay reconciliation



E-Procurement

Definition

“E-Procurement is the use of the internet to connect Buyers with Suppliers to faciliate the purchasing of goods and services focusing on Business-to-Business (BB) and Business-to-Government (BG) transactions”

E-Procurement is the purchasing of product components, standard raw materials, customised supplies, and other goods needed by a enterprise. E-Procurement solutions are fully-automated and internet-based systems. E-Procurement ranges from simple online buying of supplies to full involvement in marketplaces.

Phases of the evolution

Internal Buy-Side System In this phase the buying activities take place online. Buyers choose the products from catalogs and complete the transactions on the internet.

Direct Purchasing System The organisation and the supplier become more and more connected to each other. Detailed information is shared on the web with the supplier to eliminate steps of the buying process.

Marketplace Involvement In this step the company is part of a marketplace. In a there is a high competition between the suppliers. For the company a marketplace allows to search for new buyers or sellers and to complete transactions.

Collaboration In the last phase the internal procurement process between enterprises are linked together via extranet. The system automatically creates orders, schedules shipments. All this things require no involvement of staff.



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